{"id":525,"date":"2023-09-16T15:39:10","date_gmt":"2023-09-16T07:39:10","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-09-17T00:42:12","modified_gmt":"2023-09-16T16:42:12","slug":"python%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8f%e5%8c%b9%e9%85%8d%e5%ad%97%e7%ac%a6%e4%b8%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/525.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"display: none;\"> \n <path stroke-linecap=\"round\" d=\"M5,0 0,2.5 5,5z\" id=\"raphael-marker-block\" style=\"-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><\/path> \n<\/svg> <\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u6ce8\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7(\u74e0\u60a0\u7b11\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90e8\u843d)\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u6478\u9c7c<br \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.mushiming.top\/app\/common_img\/2658cd09d0104967add50f60c570dc12.jpg\" =\"\" =\"huyouxiao.com\" alt=\"python\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 (https:\/\/mushiming.com\/) \u6280\u672f\u535a\u5ba2 \u7b2c1\u5f20\" title=\"python\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \u6280\u672f\u535a\u5ba2 \u7b2c1\u5f20-\u7a46\u4e16\u660e\u535a\u5ba2\" ><br \/> \u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599:<br \/> re module<br \/> regular-expressions<\/p>\n<h3>\u4f7f\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>import re \u5bfc\u5165\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6a21\u5757<\/li>\n<li>\u7528 re.compile() \u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Regex \u5bf9\u8c61.(\u8bb0\u7740\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32, \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u9762\u5e26r)<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u4f60\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f20\u5165 Regex \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 search() \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a Match object.<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u7528 Match object\u3000\u7684 group() \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u6587\u672c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>eg:\u5339\u914d\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u53f7\u7801<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\n\nphoneNumRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'\\d{3}-\\d{3}-\\d{4}'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmo <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> phoneNumRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'My number is 415-555-4242.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Phone number found: '<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">+<\/span> mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u7ebf\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/p>\n<h3>Grouping with Parentheses<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u60a8\u8981\u5c06\u533a\u53f7\u4e0e\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801\u7684\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u6dfb\u52a0\u62ec\u53f7\u5c06\u5728\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7ec4\uff1a<br \/> (\\d{3})-(\\d{3}-\\d{4}). \u7136\u540e\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528group() \u5339\u914d\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u83b7\u53d6\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4\u62ec\u53f7\u5c06\u662f\u7b2c1\u7ec4\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4\u62ec\u53f7\u5c06\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06 \u6574\u6570 1 \u6216\u8005 2 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u5165 group() \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f200, \u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u4f20\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\">phoneNumberRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'(\\d{3})-(\\d{3}-\\d{4})'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmo <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> phoneNumberRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'My number is 415-555-4242.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u4e00\u6b21\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684groups. \u4f7f\u7528 groups() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nareaCode<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> mainNumber <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>areaCode<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mainNumber<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e mo.groups()\u3000\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86 \u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7956(tuple). \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u91cc\u9762\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff1aareaCode, mainNumber = mo.groups()\u3002\u539f\u62ec\u53f7\u5728\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5339\u914d\u539f\u62ec\u53f7\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760\u8f6c\u4e49<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\">phoneNumber2Regex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'(\\(\\d\\d\\d\\)) (\\d\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d)'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmo <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> phoneNumber2Regex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'My phone number is (415) 555-4242.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Matching Multiple Groups with the Pipe<\/h3>\n<p>\uff5c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53eb\u505a\u7ba1\u9053 pipe. \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5339\u914d\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f r\u2019Batman|Tian Fey\u2019 \u5c06\u4f1a\u5339\u914d \u2018Batman\u2019 \u6216\u8005 \u2018Tina Fey\u2019.<br \/> \u5f53Batman \u548c Tina Fey \u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u641c\u5bfb\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6587\u672c\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5339\u914d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\n\nheroRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'Batman|Tina Fey'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmo1 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> heroRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Batman and Tina Fey.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\nmo2 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> heroRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Tina Fey and Batman.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo2<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">### \u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f<\/span>\nBatman\nTina Fey\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u7528\u3000findall() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u73a9\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\">batRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'Bat(man|mobile|copter|bat)'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmo <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Batmobile lost a wheel'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">## \u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>\nBatmobile\nmobile\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26 \u2018|\u2019, \u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>optional matching with the question mark \u7528\u95ee\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\n\nbatRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'Bat(wo)?man'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmo1 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'The Adventures of Batman'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\nmo2 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'The Adventures of Batwoman'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo2<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">### \u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u662f<\/span>\nBatman\nBatwoman\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a ? \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff1aMatch zero or one of the group preceding this question mark.<br \/> \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>Matching zero or more with the star<\/h3>\n<p>\u2018*\u2019 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u30000\u4e2a\u3000\u6216\u8005\u3000\u591a\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\n\nbatRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'Bat(wo)*man'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmo1 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'The Adventures of Batman'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\nmo2 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'The Adventures of Batwoman'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo2<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\nmo3 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'The Adventures of Batwowowowowowoman'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo3<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>\nBatman\nBatwoman\nBatwowowowowowoman\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>matching one or more with the plus<\/h3>\n<p>\u2018+\u2019 \u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a\u3000\u201c\u5339\u914d\uff11\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u591a\u4e2a\" \u5fc5\u987b\u81f3\u5c11\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\n\nbatRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'Bat(wo)+man'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmo1 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'The Adventures of Batwoman'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\nmo2 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'The Adventures of Batwowowowowoman'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo2<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\nmo3 <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> batRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'The Adventures of Batman'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mo3 <span class=\"token operator\">==<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">None<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>\nBatwoman\nBatwowowowowoman\n<span class=\"token boolean\">True<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Matching Specific Repetitions with Curly Brackets<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u91cc\u9762\u6307\u5b9a\u6700\u5c0f\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u6700\u5927\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u5339\u914d\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982Ha{1,3} \u5c06\u5339\u914d\u51fa\u73b01\u6b21\u52303\u6b21\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>The findall() method<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\n\nphoneNumRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'\\d{3}-\\d{3}-\\d{4}'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>phoneNumRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>findall<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Cell: 415-555-9999 Work: 212-555-0000'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nphoneNum2Regex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'(\\d{3})-(\\d{3})-(\\d{4})'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>phoneNum2Regex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>findall<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Cell: 415-555-9999 Work: 212-555-0000'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># outputs<\/span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'415-555-9999'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'212-555-0000'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'415'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'555'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'9999'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'212'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'555'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'0000'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u91cc\u9762\u6ca1\u6709 groups, \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5217\u8868<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u91cc\u9762\u6709 groups. \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5143\u7ec4 tuple<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Matching newlines with the Dot Character<\/h3>\n<p>\u70b9\u661f( .* ) \u5c06\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u9012 re.DOTALL \u505a\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 re.compile(). \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e86\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5305\u62ec\u6362\u884c\u7b26.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\nnoNewlineRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'.*'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmatch <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> noNewlineRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Serve the public trust.\\n Protect the innocent. \\nUpload the law.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>match<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\nnewlineRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'.*'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>DOTALL<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmatch_new <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> newlineRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Serve the public trust.\\nProtect the innocent.\\nUphold the law.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>match_new<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">#\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>\nServe the public trust<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>\nServe the public trust<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>\nProtect the innocent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>\nUphold the law<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Review of Regex Symbols<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The ? matches zero or one of the preceding group.<\/li>\n<li>The * matches zero or more of the preceding group.<\/li>\n<li>The + matches one or more of the preceding group.<\/li>\n<li>The {n} matches exactly n of the preceding group.<\/li>\n<li>The {n,} matches n or more of the preceding group.<\/li>\n<li>The {,m} matches 0 to m of the preceding group.<\/li>\n<li>The {n,m} matches at least n and at most m of the preceding group.<\/li>\n<li>{n,m}? or *? or +? performs a nongreedy match of the preceding group.<\/li>\n<li>^spam means the string must begin with spam.<\/li>\n<li>spam$ means the string must end with spam.<\/li>\n<li>The . matches any character, except newline characters.<\/li>\n<li>\\d , \\w , and \\s match a digit, word, or space character, respectively.<\/li>\n<li>\\D , \\W , and \\S match anything except a digit, word, or space character,<\/li>\n<li>respectively.<\/li>\n<li>[abc] matches any character between the brackets (such as a, b, or c).<\/li>\n<li>[^abc] matches any character that isn\u2019t between the brackets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\nrebocop <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'rebocop'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>I<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmatch <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> rebocop<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>search<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'ReboCop is part man, part machine, all cop.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>group<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>match<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5219\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5339\u914d\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5197\u957f\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u544a\u8bc9\u3000re.compile() \u51fd\u6570\u6765\u7f13\u89e3\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5ffd\u7565\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf re.VERBOSE \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f20\u9012\u6765\u542f\u7528\u6b64\u201c\u8be6\u7ec6\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d re.compile\uff08\uff09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> re\n\nphoneRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token triple-quoted-string string\">'''( (\\d{3}|\\(\\d{3}\\))? # area code (\\s|-|\\.)? # separator \\d{3} # first 3 digits (\\s|-|\\.) # separator \\d{4} # last 4 digits (\\s*(ext|x|ext.)\\s*\\d{2,5})? #extension )'''<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>VERBOSE<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u5f15\u53f7\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08\u2019\u2019\u2019\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u591a\u884c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u5e38\u89c4Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a\uff03\u7b26\u53f7\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u7ebf\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5185\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u683c\u4e0d\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8981\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4ece\u7c98\u8d34\u677f\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u90ae\u7bb1\u548c\u624b\u673a\u53f7\u7801<\/h3>\n<pre class=\"language-java prettyprint linenums\"><code class=\"prism language-python\"><span class=\"token comment\">#! \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/span>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># phoneAndEmail.py - Finds phone numbers and email address on the chipboard.<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> pyperclip<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> re\n\namericaPhoneRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token triple-quoted-string string\">'''( (\\d{3}|\\(\\d{3}\\))? # area code (\\s|-|\\.)? # separator (\\d{3}) # first 3 digits (\\s|-|\\.) # separator (\\d{4}) # last 4 digits (\\s*(ext|x|ext.)\\s*(\\d{2,5}))? # extension )'''<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>VERBOSE<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>    \n\nchinesePhoneRegex <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token string\">'1\\d{10}'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\nemailPhoneRegex   <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token builtin\">compile<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>r<span class=\"token triple-quoted-string string\">'''( [a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+ # username @ # @ symbol [a-zA-Z0-9.-]+ # domain name (\\.[a-zA-Z]{2,4}) # dot-something )'''<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> re<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>VERBOSE<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># Find matches in clipboard text.<\/span>\ntext <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">str<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>pyperclip<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>paste<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\nmatches <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> groups <span class=\"token keyword\">in<\/span> americaPhoneRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>findall<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>text<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>\n    phoneNum <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">'-'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>join<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">!=<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">''<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>\n        phoneNum <span class=\"token operator\">+=<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">' x'<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">+<\/span> groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">8<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>\n    matches<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>phoneNum<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> groups <span class=\"token keyword\">in<\/span> emailPhoneRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>findall<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>text<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>\n    matches<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> groups <span class=\"token keyword\">in<\/span> chinesePhoneRegex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>findall<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>text<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>\n    matches<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>groups<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># copy results the clipboard. <\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin\">len<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>matches<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>\n    pyperclip<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>copy<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'\\n'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>join<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>matches<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'Copied to clipboard:'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'\\n'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>join<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>matches<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">'No phone numbers or email addresses found.'<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"python\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f7f\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4importre\u5bfc\u5165\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6a21\u5757\u7528re.compile()\u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aRegex\u5bf9\u8c61.(\u8bb0\u7740\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32,...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/525"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=525"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/525\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}