{"id":723,"date":"2023-10-22T09:01:01","date_gmt":"2023-10-22T01:01:01","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-10-22T09:01:01","modified_gmt":"2023-10-22T01:01:01","slug":"TLS\u3001SSL\u3001CA \u8bc1\u4e66\u3001\u516c\u94a5\u3001\u79c1\u94a5\u3002\u3002\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u634b\u4e00\u634b\uff01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/723.html","title":{"rendered":"TLS\u3001SSL\u3001CA \u8bc1\u4e66\u3001\u516c\u94a5\u3001\u79c1\u94a5\u3002\u3002\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u634b\u4e00\u634b\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"<style><\/style>\n<style data-highlight data-highlight-key=\"juejin\">.markdown-body pre,.markdown-body pre>code.hljs{color:#333;background:#f8f8f8}.hljs-comment,.hljs-quote{color:#998;font-style:italic}.hljs-keyword,.hljs-selector-tag,.hljs-subst{color:#333;font-weight:700}.hljs-literal,.hljs-number,.hljs-tag .hljs-attr,.hljs-template-variable,.hljs-variable{color:teal}.hljs-doctag,.hljs-string{color:#d14}.hljs-section,.hljs-selector-id,.hljs-title{color:#900;font-weight:700}.hljs-subst{font-weight:400}.hljs-class .hljs-title,.hljs-type{color:#458;font-weight:700}.hljs-attribute,.hljs-name,.hljs-tag{color:navy;font-weight:400}.hljs-link,.hljs-regexp{color:#009926}.hljs-bullet,.hljs-symbol{color:#990073}.hljs-built_in,.hljs-builtin-name{color:#0086b3}.hljs-meta{color:#999;font-weight:700}.hljs-deletion{background:#fdd}.hljs-addition{background:#dfd}.hljs-emphasis{font-style:italic}.hljs-strong{font-weight:700}<\/style>\n<p>\u677e\u54e5\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u548c\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u8fde\u8f7d gRPC\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd gRPC \u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1f\u8fd9\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u5230 TSL \u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8003\u8651\u5230\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u5bf9\u52a0\u5bc6\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd9\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u65b9\u6848\u6bd4\u8f83\u964c\u751f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u5148\u7528\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8ddf\u5927\u5bb6\u634b\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u641e\u660e\u767d\u4e86\uff0c\u518d\u6765\u770b TSL+gRPC \u5c31\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 data-id=\"heading-0\">1. HTTP \u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n<p>HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u662f\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff08Hyper Text Transfer Protocol\uff09\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4ece WEB \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u8f93\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u6807\u8bb0\u8bed\u8a00 HTML \u5230\u672c\u5730\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4f20\u9001\u534f\u8bae\u3002HTTP \u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u521d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u63a5\u6536 HTML \u9875\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4e8e\u6b64\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec Java \u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u800c\u8a00\uff0cHTTP \u5e94\u8be5\u7b97\u662f\u518d\u719f\u6089\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e86\uff0c\u76ee\u524d HTTP \u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u662f HTTP\/1.1 \u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u9677\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u660e\u6587\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u6076\u610f\u62e6\u622a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9ed1\u5ba2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff0c\u5411\u7528\u6237\u4f20\u9001\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u8f7b\u6613\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u89c1\u5230\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7f51\u7ad9\u90fd\u5728\u9010\u6b65\u8f6c\u4e3a HTTPS\uff0cHTTP \u7f51\u7ad9\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 data-id=\"heading-1\">2. HTTPS<\/h2>\n<p>HTTPS\uff08HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure\uff09\u4e2d\u6587\u8bd1\u4f5c\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>HTTPS \u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u7531 HTTP \u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u548c TCP \u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a SSL \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u90fd\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5c42 SSL\/TLS \u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u539f\u6765\u7684 HTTP \u5c42\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u6d41\u7a0b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u517c\u5bb9\u4e86\u65e7\u7684 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e5f\u6cbf\u88ad\u4e86 TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u65cf\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 HTTPS\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0a\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u5efa\u7acb HTTPS \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5982\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fe1\u4efb\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u6b63\u786e\u4e14\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728 cmd \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884c <code>certmgr.msc<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/p3-juejin.byteimg.com\/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp\/e39d72a33431411e9018f0a83f9eb72a~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-zoom-in-crop-mark:1512:0:0:0.awebp\" =\"\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"TLS\u3001SSL\u3001CA \u8bc1\u4e66\u3001\u516c\u94a5\u3001\u79c1\u94a5\u3002\u3002\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u634b\u4e00\u634b\uff01 (https:\/\/mushiming.com\/) \u6280\u672f\u535a\u5ba2 \u7b2c1\u5f20\" title=\"TLS\u3001SSL\u3001CA \u8bc1\u4e66\u3001\u516c\u94a5\u3001\u79c1\u94a5\u3002\u3002\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u634b\u4e00\u634b\uff01 \u6280\u672f\u535a\u5ba2 \u7b2c1\u5f20-\u7a46\u4e16\u660e\u535a\u5ba2\" ><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u6b63\u786e\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 HTTPS\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u9881\u53d1\u673a\u6784\u7b7e\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u9881\u53d1\u673a\u6784\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u9884\u88c5\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fb9\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u677e\u54e5\u548c\u5927\u5bb6\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u634b\u4e00\u634b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 data-id=\"heading-2\">3. TLS\/SSL<\/h2>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u5230\uff0cHTTPS \u5c31\u662f\u5728 HTTP \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 TLS\/SSL\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>SSL\/TLS \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5bc6\u7801\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7b97\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u6848\u4e86\u3002SSL \u5168\u79f0\u662f Secure Socket Layer\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u8bd1\u4f5c\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5c42\uff0c\u662f 1994 \u5e74\u7531 Netscape \u516c\u53f8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e 1995 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86 3.0 \u7248\u672c\uff1bTLS \u5168\u79f0\u662f Transport Layer Security\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u8bd1\u4f5c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5219\u662f IETF \u5728 SSL3.0 \u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e SSL \u7684\u540e\u7eed\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d TLS \u5148\u540e\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e86 <code>TLS 1.0<\/code>\u3001<code>TLS 1.1<\/code>\u3001<code>TLS 1.2<\/code> \u548c <code>TLS 1.3<\/code>\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f <code>TLS 1.2<\/code> \u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SSL\/TLS \u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e86\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u7b97\u662f\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u91cc\u7684\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u8005\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 data-id=\"heading-3\">3.1 TLS<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6765\u770b\u770b TLS \u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd HTTP \u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5bc6\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u5bc6\u94a5\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5f53\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7ea6\u5b9a\u597d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b9\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728 B\/S 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