{"id":8258,"date":"2024-06-16T19:01:01","date_gmt":"2024-06-16T11:01:01","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-06-16T19:01:01","modified_gmt":"2024-06-16T11:01:01","slug":"\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b_\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/8258.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b_\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"display: none;\"> \n <path stroke-linecap=\"round\" d=\"M5,0 0,2.5 5,5z\" id=\"raphael-marker-block\" style=\"-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><\/path> \n<\/svg> <\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u8bd1\u8005Wenzday,\u6821\u7a3f\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4<\/p>\n<h2>\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u57f9\u517b\u4ee5\u53ca\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66<\/h2>\n<p>Culturing the human microbiota and culturomics<\/p>\n<p>Jean- Christophe Lagier1, Gr\u00e9gory Dubourg1, Matthieu Million1, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Cadoret2,<br \/> Melhem Bilen1,3, Florence Fenollar4, Anthony Levasseur1, Jean- Marc Rolain1,<br \/> Pierre-Edouard Fournier 4 and Didier Raoult1*<\/p>\n<p>1\u30012\u30013\u30014. \u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u9a6c\u585e\uff0c\u827e\u514b\u65af\uff0d\u9a6c\u8d5b\u5927\u5b66(1409\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u827e\u514b\u65af\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u540e\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u666e\u7f57\u65fa\u65af\u3001\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u548c\u4fdd\u7f57-\u585e\u5c1a\u4e09\u6240\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4e8e2007\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5927\u5b66)<\/p>\n<h3>\u70ed\u5fc3\u80a0\u65e5\u62a5\u5bfc\u8bfb<\/h3>\n<p>Nature Reviews\uff1a\u4e00\u6587\u8bfb\u61c2\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u4f53\u83cc\u7fa4\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\uff08\u7efc\u8ff0\uff09<\/p>\n<p>mildbreeze 07-01 \u70ed\u5fc3\u80a0\u65e5\u62a5<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u6807\u9898\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u83cc\u7fa4\u57f9\u517b\u4e0e\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u2460 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Microbiology\u8fd1\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u83cc\u7fa4\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6458\u8981<\/h3>\n<p>\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u53d1\u751f\u4e2d\u8d77\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7ec4\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u53ca\u5176\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u7a81\u51fa\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u80a0\u9053\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ec6\u83cc\u4ecd\u672a\u88ab\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u662f\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u548c\u9274\u5b9a\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u80a0\u9053\u4e2d\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002\u7531\u591a\u79cd\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u9274\u5b9a\u7ec6\u83cc\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u767e\u79cd\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65b0\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5f97\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bbf\u4e3b-\u7ec6\u83cc\u5173\u7cfb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u5c55\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u5982\u4f55\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7ec6\u83cc\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n<p>\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0e\u4ee3\u8c22\u7d0a\u4e71\u548c\u708e\u75c7\u6027\u80a0\u75c5\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5df2\u6709\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u80bf\u7624\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\u548c\u80a0\u9053\u8111\u8f74\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u62d3\u5bbd\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e0e\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u53d8\u5316\u76f8\u5173\u75be\u75c5\u8c31\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1Metchnikoff\u9996\u6b21\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u76ca\u751f\u83cc\u7684\u6709\u76ca\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u6709\u4e92\u60e0\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5171\u751f\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53d7\u5916\u90e8\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u4fb5\u67d3\u6216\u4ee3\u8c22\u9014\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u88ab\u957f\u671f\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u4ece\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7ec4\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u80a0\u9053\u7ec6\u83cc\u5728\u51e0\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u9650\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u4f4e\u4e30\u5ea6\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u63ed\u793a\u4e86~80%\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u57f9\u517b\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u5e38\u89c4\u6280\u672f\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fdb\u5c55\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53d1\u73b0\u80a0\u9053\u4e2d\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u7ec6\u83cc\u3002\u5229\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5b75\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u52305\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4ece\u80a0\u9053\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6570\u767e\u79cd\u65b0\u7ec6\u83cc\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u589e\u52a0\u5bf9\u7ec6\u83cc\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u5916\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4f53\u5916\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u83cc\u682a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u5f0f\u52a8\u7269\u786e\u8ba4\u7279\u5b9a\u7ec6\u83cc\u5728\u75be\u75c5\u53d1\u75c5\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\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and metagenomics)<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5168\u9762\u63cf\u8ff0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6d77\u6c34\u4e2d\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7fa4\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u7cbe\u7ec6\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7caa\u4fbf\u6837\u672c\u6216\u5065\u5eb7\u4eba\u7ed3\u80a0\u6d3b\u68c0\u4e2d\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u4f53\u80a0\u9053\u5185\u7ec6\u83cc\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u89e3\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u4e0e\u80a5\u80d6\u3001\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u3001\u708e\u75c7\u6027\u80a0\u9053\u75be\u75c5\u548c\u7ed3\u76f4\u80a0\u764c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u5df2\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u9274\u5b9a\u4e0e\u751f\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6d4b\u5e8f\u8bfb\u957f\u8f83\u77ed\uff0c\u7269\u79cd\u95f4\u7684\u9274\u522b\u96be\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5206\u7c7b\u53d8\u5f97\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\u6f5c\u5728\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u7ec6\u83cc\u7269\u79cd\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u4e4b\u95f4\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5173\u8054\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5df2\u4f7f\u9274\u5b9a\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u7269\u79cd\u6c34\u5e73(\u5373\u83cc\u682a\u6c34\u5e73)\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u79cd\u7fa4\u3002\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u8fd8\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u4f3c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6216\u805a\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\u5206\u6790\u6574\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u7269\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5728\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f29\u77ed\u5206\u6790\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5728\u5206\u7c7b\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5206\u7c7b\u9274\u5b9a\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5fae\u751f\u7269DNA\u7684\u9e1f\u67aa\u6cd5\u6d4b\u5e8f\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u77e5\u7fa4\u843d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728DNA\u63d0\u53d6\u6216\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5bfc\u81f4\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531\u4e8e\u96be\u4ee5\u5728\u6781\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u68c0\u6d4b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u800c\u7279\u522b\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u6df1\u5ea6\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u5f71\u54cd(<strong>\u56fe1<\/strong>)\u3002\u5728\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6df1\u5ea6(\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d4b\u5e8f\u8986\u76d6\u5ea6)\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u96be\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u548c\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u90fd\u5f88\u5c11\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e0e\u672a\u57f9\u517b\u6837\u54c1\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6df1\u5ea6\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7caa\u4fbf\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u6bcf\u514b\u7caa\u4fbf\u542b\u6709\u4e0a\u4ebf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u800c\u4e14<strong>\u57f9\u517b\u7269\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6bcf\u514b\u7caa\u4fbf\u670910<sup>10<\/sup>-10<sup>11<\/sup>\u4e2a\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c16S\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53RNA(rRNA)\u57fa\u56e0\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5e94\u8be5\u4ea7\u751f\u81f3\u5c1110<sup>8<\/sup>-10<sup>9<\/sup>\u4e2a\u8bfb\u957f\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u5bf9\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u53ef\u6bd4\u5f97\u4e0a\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u654f\u611f\u6027\u5c1a\u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6df1\u5ea6\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5e8f\u5217\u4ecd\u7136\u672b\u88ab\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u4e0e\u57f9\u517b\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u7ec6\u83cc\u662f\u6b7b\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\uff1b\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u5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anomaly)\u662fStaley\u548cKonopka\u57281985\u5e74\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7ec6\u80de\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u5728\u743c\u8102\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6d3b\u83cc\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u660e\u663e\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u73af\u5883\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u73af\u5883\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u68c0\u6d4b\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u7a00\u91ca\u57f9\u517b\u6cd5\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u624d\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3002\u7a00\u91ca\u57f9\u517b\u6cd5\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u7a00\u91ca\u7ec6\u83cc\u7fa4\u4f53\u76f4\u5230\u65e0\u7ec6\u83cc\u751f\u957f\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6765\u81ea\u6d77\u6c34\u7684\u7ec4\u4efd\u6210\u529f\u5730\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u904d\u5728\u8fdc\u6d0b\u6746\u83cc (Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u79f0\u4e3aSAR11)\u3002\u8be5\u7269\u79cd\u957f\u671f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u57f9\u517b\u7684\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u6e90\u81ea\u8be5\u7269\u79cd\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684reads\u6570\u76ee\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u6d77\u6d0b\u8868\u9762\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4reads\u603b\u6570\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u03b1-\u86cb\u767d\u7ec6\u83ccSAR11\u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6d77\u6d0b\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6269\u6563\u5ba4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u5c42\u819c\u5141\u8bb8\u73af\u5883\u517b\u5206\u8fdb\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u9650\u5236\u7ec6\u83cc\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6210\u529f\u6a21\u62df\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6269\u6563\u5ba4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4f7f\u5f97\u57f9\u517b\u83cc\u843d\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u4e86300\u500d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5171\u57f9\u517b\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5171\u57f9\u517b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u5206\u6ccc\u7684\u4fc3\u751f\u957f\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7ec6\u83cc\u95f4\u901a\u8baf\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u9610\u660e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u6807\u51c6\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4e2d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u662f\u7ec6\u83cc\u751f\u957f\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u56fe1a\uff1a\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h4>\n<h4>\u56fe1b\uff1a\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/bailab.genetics.ac.cn\/note\/zhiwen\/basic\/07\/fig1.png\" =\"\" =\"image\" alt=\"\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b_\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b (https:\/\/mushiming.com\/)  \u7b2c1\u5f20\" title=\"\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b_\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b  \u7b2c1\u5f20-\u7a46\u4e16\u660e\u535a\u5ba2\" ><\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5bf9\u5927\u7fa4\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6574\u5408\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u7ed3\u679c\u6240\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u3002 \u6d4b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u672a\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u7fa4\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e30\u5ea6\u5c06\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7279\u5f81\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u751f\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u75be\u75c5\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7ec6\u83cc\u79cd\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u7c7b\u5206\u914d\u3002\u9e1f\u67aa\u6cd5\u6d4b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u6f5c\u529b\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u65ad\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d7\u6240\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u9650\u5236\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u53d6DNA\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7528\u4e8e\u6269\u589e\u7684\u5f15\u7269\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u7c7b\u5355\u5143OTUs\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u5b66\u5206\u914d\u6216\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790)\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6700\u8fd1\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u533a\u5206\u6d3b\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c\u6e38\u79bbDNA\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f7b\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6bcf\u514b\u7caa\u4fbf\u4e2d &lt; 10<sup>2<\/sup>\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc)\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6311\u5254\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u57f9\u517b<\/h4>\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u751f\u957f\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6311\u5254\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u957f\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u4e13\u6027\u538c\u6c27\u83cc(obligate anaerobes)\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u751f\u957f\u3002\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u590d\u5174\u662f\u7531\u4e13\u95e8\u57f9\u517b\u80de\u5185\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u83cc\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u7269\u63a5\u79cd\u6216\u80da\u80ce\u5375\u5b50\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u9996\u5148\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u57f9\u517b\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u80de\u5185\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e3b\u8981\u7acb\u514b\u6b21\u6c0f\u4f53\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u5206\u522b\u5f15\u8d77\u7acb\u514b\u6b21\u4f53\u75c5\u7684\u957f\u7acb\u514b\u6b21\u4f53\u548c\u5f15\u8d77\u60e0\u666e\u6c0f\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u56e0\u5b50-\u9ed1\u523a\u8349\uff0cTropheryma Whpplei\u3002\u58f3-\u74f6\u6280\u672f(shell- vial technique)\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4e34\u5e8a\u6837\u672c\u79bb\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4ece\u4e8b\u57f9\u517b\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u901a\u8fc7\u7eaf\u57f9\u517b\u5206\u79bb\u83cc\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65e0\u83cc\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u3002\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u65e0\u83cc\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u914d\u65b9\uff0c\u5bf9Q\u70ed\u75c5\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u83cc\u8d1d\u7eb3\u7279\u6c0f\u7acb\u514b\u6b21\u4f53\u3001\u97ad\u6bdb\u866b\u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8863\u539f\u4f53(\u80ba\u708e\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u548c\u6027\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u4f53)\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e3a\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u5728\u56fa\u4f53\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4e0a\u5bb9\u6613\u57f9\u517b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5176\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\u3001\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u654f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u538c\u6c27\u83cc(Anaerobes)\u662f\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u4eba\u4f53\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u7c7b\u611f\u67d3\u3002\u57f9\u517b\u4e13\u6027\u538c\u6c27\u83cc\u662f\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e13\u6027\u538c\u6c27\u83cc\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u8bbe\u5907\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u6c27\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u542b\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u8865\u5145\u5242\u7684\u590d\u6742\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\uff1b\u538c\u6c27\u57f9\u517b\u4ecb\u8d28\u5fc5\u987b\u542b\u6709\u78b3\u6e90\u3001\u5927\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u957f\u56e0\u5b50\u30021890\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u7269\u7ec4\u7ec7(\u8111\u3001\u8089\u6216\u5fc3\u810f\u7ec4\u7ec7)\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u7684\u8865\u5145\u7269\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u975e\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u5375\u57fa\u57f9\u517b\u6280\u672f\u7528\u6765\u57f9\u517b\u68ad\u83cc\u548c\u9570\u5200\u83cc\u3002\u5def\u57fa\u4e59\u9178\u76d0\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u9014\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\uff0c\u662f\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u3001\u80c6\u6c41\u548c\u67d3\u6599(\u5982\u7ed3\u6676\u7d2b)\u6216\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b(\u5982\u70ed\u4f11\u514b)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u7f3a\u6c27\u6c14\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u57f9\u517b\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5148\u540e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u538c\u6c27\u7f50\u3001\u52a0\u65af\u5e15\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u538c\u6c27\u5ba4\u3002\u4ea8\u76d6\u7279\u9996\u5148\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5bf9\u6c27\u6c14\u53ca\u5176\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u786b\u9178\u76d0\u8fd8\u539f\u83cc\u548c\u4ea7\u7532\u70f7\u7684\u53e4\u83cc\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6eda\u7b52\u5c06\u5927\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u6c27\u6c14\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u5982N2\u3001CO2\u6216H2\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u8017\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e9\u57281970\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c31\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u63a2\u7d22\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u996e\u98df\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e0e\u764c\u75c7\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5982\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u79d1\u548c\u97e6\u8363\u7403\u83cc\u79d1\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684400\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7269\u79cd\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7531\u975e\u5b62\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3001\u538c\u6c27\u3001\u68d2\u72b6\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u6240\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c1995\u5e74\u9274\u5b9a\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4f18\u52bf\u79cd\u4e0e\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u4f18\u52bf\u79cd\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u538c\u6c27\u83cc\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u538c\u6c27\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u597d\u6c27\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u5730\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u4e86\u732a\u94fe\u7403\u83cc \u3001\u666e\u6c0f\u83cc\u3001\u574f\u6b7b\u68ad\u6746\u83cc\u3001\u82ac\u6208\u5c14\u5fb7\u83cc\u3001\u83ab\u62c9\u83cc\u5c5e\u548c\u9634\u9053\u653e\u7ebf\u83cc\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u743c\u8102\u6dfb\u52a0\u9ad8\u5242\u91cf\u7684\u8c37\u80f1\u7518\u80bd\u548c\u6297\u574f\u8840\u9178\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u4ee5\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9879\u5728<strong>\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5c3f\u9178\u7684\u5927\u578b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c276\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec82\u79cd\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u538c\u6c27\u83cc\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5730\u88ab\u6709\u6c27\u57f9\u517b<\/strong>\u30022016\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ea7\u7532\u70f7\u53e4\u83cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u83cc\u682a\u5bf9(\u591a\u5f62\u62df\u6746\u83cc)\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u6c27\u6781\u4e3a\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u5728\u53cc\u8154\u74f6\u4e2d\u7528\u4f5c\u6c22\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u4e0e\u4eba\u4f53\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u57fa\u8d28\u8f85\u52a9\u6fc0\u5149\u89e3\u6790\u7535\u89e3\u79bb\u8d28\u8c31(MALDI- TOF mass spectrometry)\u7528\u6765\u505a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u9274\u5b9a<\/h3>\n<p>\u57fa\u56e0\u6d4b\u5e8f\u662f\u7ec6\u83cc\u9274\u5b9a\u548c\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<code>16S rRNA<\/code>\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u6269\u589e\u548c\u6d4b\u5e8f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u79cd\u9274\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u5b50\u6280\u672f\u6709\u8bf8\u591a\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6602\u8d35\u548c\u8017\u65f6\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5b83\u5728\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6709\u6548\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u9274\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u30021959\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u6765\u9274\u522b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u30021975\u5e74\uff0c\u9769\u5170\u6c0f\u9634\u6027\u7ec6\u83cc\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u751f\u7269\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u88ab\u9274\u5b9a\uff0c30\u5e74\u6765\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c06\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u8d28\u8c31\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bc6\u522b\u7ec6\u83cc\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u9650\u5236\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u9274\u5b9a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u8d28\u8c31\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5e38\u89c4\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528MALDI-TOF\u8d28\u8c31\u5728\u5c5e\u548c\u79cd\u4e24\u7ea7\u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u786e\u9274\u5b9a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9996\u6b21\u88ab\u62a5\u9053\u3002MALDI-TOF\u8d28\u8c31\u6cd5\u65e2\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53c8\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u91cd\u73b0\u6027\u548c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7528\u6237\u57f9\u8bad\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97MALDI-TOF\u8d28\u8c31\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9274\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u9274\u5b9a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7a81\u7834\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a2\u7d22\u590d\u6742\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fae\u751f\u7269<\/h3>\n<p>\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528MALDI-TOF\u8d28\u8c31\u6cd5\u9274\u5b9a\u7ec6\u83cc\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u57f9\u517b\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u6311\u5254\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u751f\u957f\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8840\u6db2\u57f9\u517b\u74f6\u4e2d\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u548c\u7624\u80c3\u6db2\u6539\u8fdb\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u843d\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c212\u79cd\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8630,000\u591a\u4e2a\u83cc\u843d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86MALDI-TOF\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5171\u6709341\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u88ab\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec31\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u7269\u79cd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7a00\u6709\u95e8\uff0c\u5982Synergistetes\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u7403\u83cc-\u6816\u70ed\u83cc\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9341\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u9996\u6b21\u4ece\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e8670\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d18\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4ece\u7caa\u4fbf\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u9274\u5b9a\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u4f7f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6837\u672c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u732e\u67e5\u9605\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u7ec6\u83cc\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\uff0c\u9274\u5b9a\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u901a\u8fc7\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u9274\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ec6\u83cc\u3001\u5fae\u55dc\u6c27\u83cc\u548c\u55dc\u76d0\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u79cd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u4f7f\u7528\u57f9\u517b\u65b9\u6cd5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\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/bailab.genetics.ac.cn\/note\/zhiwen\/basic\/07\/fig2.png\" =\"\" =\"image\" alt=\"\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b_\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b (https:\/\/mushiming.com\/)  \u7b2c2\u5f20\" title=\"\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b_\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b  \u7b2c2\u5f20-\u7a46\u4e16\u660e\u535a\u5ba2\" 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&lt; 1\u5c0f\u65f6)\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5206\u79bb\u7269\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u8d28\u8c31\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u53ef\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83(C\u56fe)\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9274\u5b9a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5219\u5bf9\u5206\u79bb\u7269\u8fdb\u884c16S\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53RNA(rRNA)\u6d4b\u5e8f(D\u56fe)\u3002\u5982\u679c<strong>\u4e0e\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u83cc\u682a\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027 &lt; 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culturomics)<\/h3>\n<h4>\u589e\u52a0\u5df2\u77e5\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u6570\u76ee<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57f9\u517b\u9879\u76ee\u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5df2\u77e5\u4e8613,410\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c\u53e4\u83cc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53ea\u67092172\u79cd\u6765\u81ea\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u88ab\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u3002\u5c06\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u9274\u5b9a\u51fa\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709688\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c2\u79cd\u53e4\u83cc\u5148\u524d\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u4e2d\u9274\u5b9a\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u9488\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u7caa\u4fbf\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e861057\u4e2a\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002\u81ea\u90a3\u65f6\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa73\u79cd\uff0c\u4ece\u6ccc\u5c3f\u9053\u5206\u79bb\u51fa13\u79cd\u65b0\u79cd\uff0c\u4ece\u9634\u9053\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa15\u79cd\uff0c\u4ece\u547c\u5438\u9053\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb9\u79cd\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u4f53\u76ae\u80a4\u5206\u79bb2\u79cd\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u521d\u4e73\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb1\u79cd\uff0c\u4ece\u60a3\u6709\u9aa8\u9ad3\u708e\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u811a\u5206\u79bb1\u79cd\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u6570\u91cf\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f7f\u603b\u6570\u8fbe\u52302\uff0c671\u79cd\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u4f7f\u5f97\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u79cd\u7c7b\u4e2d\u670923%\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4eba\u4f53\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u57f9\u517b\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4ece\u5171\u751f\u5230\u75c5\u539f\u83cc(From commensals to pathogens)<\/h4>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u4f8b\u5916(\u4f8b\u5982\u970d\u4e71\u3001\u9f20\u75ab\u548c\u80ba\u7ed3\u6838\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u4f53)\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u90fd\u662f\u5171\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u5f15\u8d77\u4efb\u4f55\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5bf9\u4eba\u4f53\u90e8\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u6b96\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u4f7f\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5171\u751f\u4f53\u548c\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u55dc\u7c98\u83cc\u548c\u77ed\u94fe\u83cc\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u4ece\u4e34\u5e8a\u6807\u672c\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u55dc\u7c98\u83cc\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u83cc\u8840\u75c7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u548c\u8bca\u65ad\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eabMALDI-TOF\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e34\u5e8a\u6807\u672c\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4ece57\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u4e34\u5e8a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u6807\u672c\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u4e8612\u79cd\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u57f9\u517b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u3002\u5728\u8fd912\u79cd\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u4e2d\uff0c11\u79cd\u662f\u538c\u6c27\u83cc\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4ece\u4eba\u4f53\u80a0\u9053\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u4e2d\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4e0d\u8010\u6c27\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7269\u79cd\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u4e34\u5e8a\u6807\u672c\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u636e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9a\u690d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u75be\u75c5\u800c\u88ab\u9274\u5b9a\u5230\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6c99\u6c0f\u68ad\u83cc\u548c\u9a6c\u4f50\u5c3c\u68ad\u83cc(\u539f\u4e3a\u68ad\u72b6\u82bd\u5b62\u6746\u83cc)\u4ece\u7caa\u4fbf\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u63a5\u79cd\u4e8e\u8270\u96be\u68ad\u83cc\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u7a81\u51fa\u8868\u660e\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5206\u7c7b\u7fa4\u7684\u8d28\u8c31\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4efb\u4f55\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u9274\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u5177\u6709\u4e34\u5e8a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u7279\u5b9a\u4e34\u5e8a\u73af\u5883\u5982\u8113\u80bf\u53cd\u590d\u5206\u79bb\u83cc\u79cd\uff0c\u5982\u732a\u653e\u7ebf\u83cc(Actinomycesihumi)\u6216\u55dc\u6d77\u738b\u661f(Peptoniophus)\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u94c1\u8499\u62df\u6746\u83cc(anaerobic<br \/> Bacteroides timonensis)\u662f\u4ece\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u7684\uff0c\u8840\u6db2\u662f\u65e0\u83cc\u4f4d\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u5bfc\u81f4\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e34\u5e8a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bc6\u522b\u5df2\u77e5\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5728MALDI-TOF\u8d28\u8c31\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u65b0\u5206\u7c7b\u7fa4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e34\u5e8a\u6807\u672c\u4e2d\u9274\u522b\u5230\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u62a5\u544a\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u7fa4(Reporting new taxa)<\/h4>\n<p>\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bfc\u81f4\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u76f8\u5173\u7ec6\u83cc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u672a\u77e5\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u62a5\u544a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u5f15\u8fdb\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b0\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6574\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4f8b\u5982MALDI-TOF\u8d28\u8c31\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u683c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ecGenBank 16S rRNA\u767b\u5f55\u53f7\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u83cc\u682a\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u4f20\u64ad\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u7c7b\u5355\u5143\u5230\u7ec6\u83cc\u79cd\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<p>\u7531\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u7c7b\u5355\u5143(OTUs)\u7531\u6765\u81ea\u672a\u9274\u5b9a\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7684DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u964d\u4f4e\u672a\u5206\u7c7b\u7684OTU\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u589e\u52a0\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u300216S rRNA\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u8d85\u53d8\u533a\u6d4b\u5e8f\u662f\u7269\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u5b66\u7684\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u572816S rRNA\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8d28\u91cf\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u7c7b\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0cOTU\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u805a\u7c7b\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u5e8f\u5217\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u9608\u503c\u5185(\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a97%)\u3002\u867d\u7136OTU\u805a\u7c7b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9bOTUs\u7684\u751f\u7269\u89e3\u91ca\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aOTU\u90fd\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9057\u4f20\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5c06OTUs\u6574\u5408\u5230\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u7834\u8bd1\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u591a\u6837\u6027\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u548cOTUs\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u4e86OTUs\u5bf9\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u5f52\u5c5e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cOTU\u5206\u914d\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2aOTU\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u5143\u7ec4\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u4e0e\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u672a\u77e5\u7269\u79cd\u5f97\u4ee5\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u521d\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u53ea\u670915%\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5df2\u67e5\u660e\u7684247\u79cd\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u4e2d\uff0c50%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684OTUs\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u7caa\u4fbf\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u5bf984\u79cd\u6765\u81ea\u7caa\u4fbf\u7684\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\uff0c\u5982\u5927\u91cf\u7684OTUs\u6240\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u672a\u7ecf\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e16\u754c-\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u6697\u7269\u8d28-\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u6cd5\u9010\u6b65\u88ab\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u56fe3 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immunomodulatory effects)<\/h4>\n<p>\u5171\u751f\u5fae\u751f\u7269-\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u80a0\u9053\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269-\u5bf9\u514d\u75ab\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u514d\u75ab\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d\uff0c\u80bf\u7624\u574f\u6b7b\u56e0\u5b50(TNF)\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u51cf\u5c11\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u7528\u5c0f\u9f20\u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4ef7\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u5728\u6297\u7ec6\u80de\u6bd2\u6027T\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\u76f8\u5173\u86cb\u767d4(CTLA 4)\u6297\u4f53\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u5206\u7c7b\u7fa4(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7c7b\u6746\u83cc\u548c\u4f2f\u514b\u6c0f\u6746\u83cc)\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6cbb\u7597\u6548\u679c\u3002\u53e3\u670d\u83cc\u79cd\u8106\u5f31\u6746\u83cc\u3001B.taiotaomicron\u548c\u5934\u5b62\u83cc\u7d20(Burkholderia Cepacia)\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u6297CTLA 4 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rRNA\u5e8f\u5217\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u768498.65\uff05\u7684\u9608\u503c\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e24\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u5206\u79bb\u7269\u662f\u5426\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7269\u79cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u7c7b\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8be5\u9608\u503c\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684 16S rRNA\u57fa\u56e0\u5e8f\u5217\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5c5e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c16S rRNA\u57fa\u56e0\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f30\u8ba1\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f(\u4f8b\u5982DNA-DNA\u6742\u4ea4\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5)\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5206\u6790\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\u57f9\u517b\u7269\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u53d1\u5e03(New species announcements)<\/h4>\n<p>\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u5206\u79bb\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002\u5f53MALDI-TOF \u5bf9\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u4e09\u6b21\u6d4b\u5b9a\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u51c6\u786e\u9274\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf916S rRNA\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0e\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u83cc\u682a\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u5c0f\u4e8e98.65%\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u5206\u79bb\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u79cd\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u57f9\u517b\u7b56\u7565\u9274\u5b9a\u7684\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4ece\u6bcf\u54681\u79cd\u523025\u79cd\u4e0d\u7b49\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7269\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u8868\u578b\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u201c\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u516c\u544a\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u7b80\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5206\u79bb\u83cc\u682a\u7684\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u751f\u957f\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u7279\u5f81\u5305\u62ec\u83cc\u843d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u5f62\u6001(\u5982\u989c\u8272\u548c\u5f62\u72b6)\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u9769\u5170\u6c0f\u67d3\u8272\uff0c\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u6c22\u9176\u548c\u6c27\u5316\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u80b2\u6811\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u5206\u7c7b\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u7269\u79cd\u5728\u5176\u95e8\u5185\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd8\u63d0\u5230\u4e8616S rRNA \u57fa\u56e0\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8be5\u5206\u6790\u9274\u5b9a\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u6709\u6548\u516c\u5e03\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u6700\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u8bcd\u6e90\u3002\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u516c\u544a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5e03\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u65b0\u7269\u79cd\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u4e0e\u901a\u8fc7\u57f9\u517b\u6cd5\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u53d1\u5e03\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u665a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868<\/h3>\n<p>\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4(Microbiota)<br \/> \u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u751f\u751f\u7269(Commensal)<br \/> \u5b9a\u6b96\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0d\u5f15\u8d77\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ca\u751f\u83cc(Probiotics)<br \/> \u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6d3b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66(Metagenomics)<br \/> \u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u7684DNA\u7684\u9e1f\u67aa\u6cd5\u6d4b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ec6\u83cc\u7597\u6cd5(Bacteriotherapy)<br \/> \u670d\u7528\u6709\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u6216\u8005\u542b\u6709\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002FMT\u662f\u7ec6\u83cc\u7597\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u6697\u7269\u8d28(Microbial dark matter)<br \/> \u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u672a\u5206\u914d\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u8d28\u8f85\u52a9\u6fc0\u5149\u89e3\u5438\u7535\u79bb\u8d28\u8c31(MALDI- TOF mass spectrometry)<br \/> \u5c06\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u7535\u79bb\u65b9\u6cd5(MALDI)\u4e0e\u8d28\u8c31\u8054\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7535\u8377\u6570\u9274\u5b9a\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6269\u6563\u5ba4(Diffusion chamber)<br \/> \u4e00\u79cd\u5141\u8bb8\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5728\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u751f\u957f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u57f9\u517b\u6db2\u5939\u5728\u534a\u900f\u819c\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6362\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e13\u6027\u538c\u6c27\u83cc(Obligate anaerobes)<br \/> \u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5927\u6c14\u6709\u6c27\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5957\u7247\u5c0f\u7ba1(Shell-vial technique)<br \/> \u79bb\u5fc3\u673a\u589e\u5f3a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u57f9\u517b\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u83cc\u57f9\u517b\u57fa(Axenic media)<br \/> \u5176\u4e2d\u4ec5\u5b58\u5728\u5355\u4e00\u7269\u79cd\uff0c\u54c1\u79cd\u6216\u83cc\u682a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6c61\u67d3\u751f\u7269\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u538c\u6c27\u5fae\u751f\u7269(Anaerobes)<br \/> \u751f\u957f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6c27\u6c14\u7684\u751f\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8c22\u5fb7\u52d2\u743c\u8102 (Schaedler agar)<br \/> \u63a8\u8350\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e34\u5e8a\u6807\u672c\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u538c\u6c27\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6728\u805a\u7cd6\u964d\u89e3\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d (Xylanolytic microbial communities)<br \/> \u7fa4\u843d\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u964d\u89e3\u6728\u8d28\u7d20\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66(Taxonogenomics)<br \/> \u4ee5\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\u548c\u8868\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63cf\u8ff0\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u65b0\u5206\u7c7b\u7fa4\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u7c7b\u5355\u5143(OTUs)<br \/> \u4ee5DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u5c06\u672a\u77e5\u751f\u7269DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u805a\u96c6\u6210\u7c07\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec4(Microbiome)<br \/> \u6765\u81ea\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u56e0\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5938\u4f11\u53ef\u5c14\u75c7\u3001\u6076\u6027\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u826f(Kwashiorkor)<br \/> \u4e34\u5e8a\u8425\u517b\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6613\u6012\u3001\u98df\u7269\u6d88\u5316\u4e0d\u826f\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8179\u6cfb\u3001\u624b\u8db3\u80bf\u80c0(\u8425\u517b\u6c34\u80bf)\u3001\u9762\u90e8\u4e00\u822c\u6d6e\u80bf(\u5706\u8138)\u548c\u76ae\u80a4\u53d8\u5316(\u8131\u76ae\u3001\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u79ef\u3001\u9ed1\u6591\u548c\u76ae\u75b9)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7caa\u4fbf\u83cc\u7fa4\u79fb\u690d(Faecal microbiota transplantation)<br \/> \u5c06\u7caa\u4fbf\u83cc\u7fa4\u4ece\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u6709\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u76f8\u5173\u9605\u8bfb<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>NC\uff1a16S\u5e8f\u5217\u9884\u6d4b\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u914d\u65b9<\/li>\n<li>\u6d77\u6d0b\u53ef\u57f9\u517b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u9274\u5b9a\u4e0e\u5206\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li>Nature: \u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u2014\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u7ec6\u83cc\u5206\u79bb\u57f9\u517b\u9274\u5b9a<\/li>\n<li>Microbiome: \u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u5bf9\u5df2\u5206\u79bb\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c\u53e4\u83cc\u7269\u79cd\u5e93\u7684\u8d21\u732e<\/li>\n<li>SR: \u771f\u83cc\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u540c\u63ed\u793a\u4eba\u7c7b\u80a0\u9053\u771f\u83cc\u7fa4\u843d\u7ed3\u6784<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b_\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u672c\u6587\u8bd1\u8005Wenzday,\u6821\u7a3f\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u57f9\u517b\u4ee5\u53ca\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66Culturingthehumanmicrobiotaand...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8258"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8258"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8258\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}