{"id":8607,"date":"2024-06-02T11:01:01","date_gmt":"2024-06-02T03:01:01","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-06-02T11:01:01","modified_gmt":"2024-06-02T03:01:01","slug":"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mushiming.com\/8607.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u672c\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u6458\u81ea\u4e0b\u9762 3 \u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684 \u6784\u5efa<\/strong> \u53ca\u7389\u7c73\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684 \u91cd\u7ec4\u7279\u5f81<\/strong>\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df<\/strong> \u4e0b NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u6316\u6398 QTL \u7684 \u6548\u529b<\/strong>\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684 \u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u6316\u6398\u4e0e \u82b1\u671f<\/strong> \u76f8\u5173\u7684 QTL \u53ca\u7279\u5f81\uff1b<\/p>\n

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Genetic Properties of the Maize Nested Association Mapping Population\uff0cMichael D. Edward S. Buckler\uff0cScience\uff0c7 Aug 2009\uff0cdoi: 10.1126\/science.1174320
Genetic Design and Statistical Power of Nested Association Mapping in Maize\uff0cYu J, Holland JB, McMullen MD, Buckler ES\uff0cGenetics\uff0c2008 Jan\uff0cdoi:10.1534\/genetics.107.074245
The genetic architecture of maize flowering time. Buckler ES, Holland JB, Bradbury PJ, et al\uff0cScience\uff0c7 Aug 2009\uff0cdoi:10.1126\/science.1174276<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

NAM \u6b65\u9aa4<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. \u9009\u62e9\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u4eb2\u672c\uff08Founders\uff09\u6784\u5efa\u4f5c\u56fe\u540e\u4ee3<\/strong> \uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4f7f\u7528 26 \u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86 5000 \u4e2a\u91cd\u7ec4\u81ea\u4ea4\u7cfb\uff08RIL\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5bf9 \u4eb2\u672c<\/strong> \u8fdb\u884c \u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/strong> \u7684 SNP \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u6d4b\u5b9a\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4eb2\u672c\u7684\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u9057\u4f20\u56fe\u8c31\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 SNP \u90fd\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e \u57fa\u56e0<\/strong> \u533a\u95f4\u5185\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u5bf9 \u540e\u4ee3<\/strong> \u8fdb\u884c \u4f4e\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/strong> \u7684 SNP \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u6d4b\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f4e\u5bc6\u5ea6 SNP \u662f\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u5229\u7528\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u6027\uff0c\u5c06\u4eb2\u672c\u7684\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6 SNP \u4fe1\u606f\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u540e\u4ee3\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6 SNP \u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u6d4b\u5b9a\u540e\u4ee3\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u6027\u72b6\u7684 \u8868\u578b\u503c<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. \u5229\u7528\u540e\u4ee3\u7684\u8868\u578b\u4e0e\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684 \u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    <\/p>\n

    NAM \u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. \u6807\u8bb0\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f<\/strong>\u3002\u7389\u7c73\u4e0d\u540c\u54c1\u7cfb\u95f4\u9057\u4f20\u5dee\u5f02\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5bb6\u7cfb\u95f4\u76f8\u540c SNP \u7684\u8fde\u9501\u7247\u6bb5\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u539f\u5148\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u7389\u7c73\u9057\u4f20\u8d44\u6e90\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5982 B73 \u00d7 Mo17\uff08intermated B73-by-Mo17 cross\uff0cIBM\uff09\u7fa4\u4f53\uff08Lee\uff0c2002\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4eb2\u672c\u79cd\u7c7b\u5c11\uff0cIBM \u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u6316\u6398\u5230\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u8d44\u6e90\u96be\u4ee5\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u4eb2\u672c\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373 IBM \u7fa4\u4f53\u4ec5 \u6355\u83b7<\/strong> \u4e86 2 \u79cd\u4eb2\u672c\u7684 \u9057\u4f20\u591a\u6837\u6027<\/strong> \u3002NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u7531 26 \u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u6316\u6398\u51fa\u7684 SNP \u662f\u5728 25 \u4e2a\u5bb6\u7cfb\u4e2d\u90fd\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u5bf9\u8868\u578b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5373\u6355\u83b7\u4e86 26 \u79cd\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7389\u7c73\u682a\u7cfb\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u7ed8\u5236\u51fa\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u56fe\u8c31\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u53ef \u63a8\u5e7f\u6027<\/strong> \u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u6807\u8bb0\u5bc6\u5ea6\u9ad8<\/strong>\u3002\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u82e5 SNP \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u5728\u53cc\u4eb2\u4e2d \u76f8\u540c<\/strong> \uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u6807\u8bb0 \u65e0\u6548<\/strong>\u3002NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 26 \u79cd \u9057\u4f20\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927<\/strong> \u7684\u682a\u7cfb\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0 SNP \u5728\u6240\u6709\u4eb2\u672c\u4e2d\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4 2 \u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u7684\u8fde\u9501\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cNAM \u4e2d \u6709\u6548 SNP \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8<\/strong> \u3002\u5982 IBM<\/strong>\uff08B73 \u00d7 Mo17\uff0c2002 \u5e74\u6784\u5efa\uff09\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u603b\u5171\u6709 190 \u4e2a\u6709\u6548 RFLP \u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u70b9\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4 1784.7 cM \u7684\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u5e73\u5747\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a 9.4<\/strong> cM\uff1bNAM<\/strong> \u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u603b\u5171\u6709 1106 \u4e2a SNP \u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u70b9\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u5e73\u5747\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a 1.3<\/strong> cM\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cSNP \u6765\u6e90\u662f cDNA<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53 1106 \u4e2a SNP \u6807\u8bb0\u6807\u5b9a\u4e86 1106 \u4e2a \u57fa\u56e0<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u9057\u4f20\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u4f1a\u52a0\u901f LD \u7684\u8870\u51cf\uff0c\u5982\u81ea\u7136\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u7389\u7c73\u7684 LD \u5728 2 kb<\/strong> \u533a\u57df\u5185\u8870\u51cf\uff0c\u4f46\u94c6\u9489\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u4e0a\uff08\u7389\u7c73\u57fa\u56e0\u957f\u5ea6\u8f83\u77ed\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u65e0\u6548\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. \u4f4e\u8d39\u7528\u3001\u7cbe\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u529b<\/strong>\u3002\u8fde\u9501\u5b9a\u4f4d\u56e0\u4e3a\u91cd\u7ec4\u6b21\u6570\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c QTL \u7c97\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6 SNP \u662f\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u3002\u5173\u8054\u5b9a\u4f4d\u56e0\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e0e\u7a81\u53d8\uff0c\u7fa4\u4f53\u5185 LD \u8870\u51cf\u5feb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e QTL \u7cbe\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u9700\u5206\u5b50\u6807\u8bb0\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u57fa\u56e0\u5206\u578b\u7684 \u8d39\u7528\u6602\u8d35<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u5173\u8054\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4ec5\u7531\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u7279\u5b9a\u5019\u9009\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6316\u6398 QTL\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u6027\u72b6\u53d7\u591a\u4e2a QTL \u5171\u540c\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7389\u7c73\u4e9a\u79cd\u5185\u7684 QTL \u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u5408\u662f \u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong> \u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u5173\u8054\u5b9a\u4f4d \u65e0\u6cd5\u6253\u7834<\/strong> \u4e9a\u79cd\u5185\u7684 QTL \u7ec4\u5408\uff0cQTL \u6316\u6398\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u5f71\u54cd\u3002NAM \u7ed3\u5408\u8fde\u9501\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e2d\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4eb2\u672c\u682a\u7cfb\u7684 \u7eaf\u5408\u80cc\u666f<\/strong> \u4e0e\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d \u6709\u9650\u7684\u91cd\u7ec4<\/strong>\uff0c\u5148\u6d4b\u5b9a \u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/strong> \u7684\u4eb2\u672c SNP \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u4ee3\u7684 \u4f4e\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/strong> SNP \u8fdb\u884c \u6620\u5c04<\/strong>\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e<\/strong> \u4e86\u5b50\u4ee3\u57fa\u56e0\u5206\u578b\u7684 \u8d39\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684 RILs\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u5bf9 RILs \u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fde\u9501\u5206\u6790\u6709\u6548\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u540e\u7eed\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6316\u6398 QTL \u7684\u6548\u529b\u3002\u7efc\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u8fde\u9501\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6316\u6398 QTL \u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8d39\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
    4. \u6316\u6398\u7a00\u6709\u7a81\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002\u7389\u7c73\u7a00\u6709 QTL \u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0e\u8868\u578b\u53d8\u5f02\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\u4ec5\u80fd\u5728 1 \u4e2a\u5bb6\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\uff0c \u5269\u4f59\u5bb6\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5747\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u6b64\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u3002NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u7a00\u6709 QTL \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff1a1\uff09NAM \u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\uff1b2\uff09NAM \u652f\u6301 \u5206\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u9664\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8f83\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u7a00\u6709 QTL \u7684\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5982 Q \u4f4d\u70b9\u7684 Q 1 Q_1 <\/span><\/span>Q<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u4ec5\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e P39 \u5bb6\u7cfb\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 200\uff0c\u540c\u65f6 Q 2 Q_2 <\/span><\/span>Q<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u8868\u578b\u4e0d\u7528\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5bb6\u7cfb\u505a \u5e73\u5747<\/strong> \u800c\u5f15\u5165 \u65e0\u5173\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u7a00\u6709\u7a81\u53d8\u7684\u6316\u6398\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u7a00\u6709\u7a81\u53d8\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c11\uff0c\u8868\u578b\u672a\u5fc5\u51c6\u786e\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u91ce\u751f\u578b\u8868\u578b\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bb6\u7cfb\u907f\u514d\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n
    5. \u65e0\u6548\u5b50\u4ee3\u5c11<\/strong>\u300225 \u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u4e0e\u5171\u540c\u4eb2\u672c B73 \u6742\u4ea4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5 \u7f29\u5c0f<\/strong> \u5b50\u4ee3\u7684 \u8868\u578b\u65b9\u5dee<\/strong>\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5b50\u4ee3\u8868\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6bd4\u6027\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6b64\u65b9\u6848\u5728\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u7ec4\u5408\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u51fa\u4e8e\u519c\u827a\u548c\u751f\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5c06 \u591a\u6837\u5316<\/strong> \u7684\u4eb2\u672c\u4e0e \u4f18\u826f\u672c\u5730\u79cd<\/strong>\uff08\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u79cd\u690d\u6027\u72b6\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\uff09\u4eb2\u672c B73 \u6742\u4ea4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5e9e\u5927\u79cd\u7fa4\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u6027\u72b6\u8bc4\u4f30\u5728\u6e29\u5e26\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53d8\u5f97\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\uff08Hallauer et al.\uff0c1988 \u5e74\uff09\u3002\u5982\u5f00\u82b1\u6240\u9700\u79ef\u6e29\u91cf\u8868\u578b\uff0c\u70ed\u5e26\u4e2a\u4f53\u6240\u9700\u79ef\u6e29\u503c\u9ad8\uff0c\u70ed\u5e26\u81ea\u4ea4\u7cfb A \u4e0e\u70ed\u5e26\u81ea\u4ea4\u7cfb B \u6742\u4ea4\uff0c F 2 F_2 <\/span><\/span>F<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u8868\u578b\u5206\u79bb\u540e\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6240\u9700\u79ef\u6e29\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5b50\u4ee3\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7530\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f00\u82b1\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u540e\u7eed\u5f88\u591a\u8868\u578b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6d4b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a 25 \u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u6765\u6e90\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u70ed\u5e26\u3001\u6e29\u5e26\u3001\u751c\u7389\u7c73\u3001\u7206\u88c2\u7389\u7c73\uff0c\u540e\u4ee3\u8868\u578b\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\uff0c\u800c\u6784\u5efa NAM \u53c8\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7fa4\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u6316\u6398\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u6027\u72b6\u7684 QTL\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u548c B73 \u6742\u4ea4\uff0c\u9002\u5f53\u7f29\u5c0f\u5b50\u4ee3\u8868\u578b\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u6548\u5b50\u4ee3\u5360\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n
    6. \u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u5e73\u53f0<\/strong>\u3002NAM \u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u7684 RILs \u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u7a33\u5b9a<\/strong>\u30021\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u79cd\u690d\u591a\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5e73\u5747\u8868\u578b \u964d\u4f4e\u975e\u9057\u4f20\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u8868\u578b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1b2\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e74\u4efd\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u70b9\u91cd\u590d\u79cd\u690d\uff0c\u5c06\u6027\u72b6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u578b\u5dee\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8868\u578b\u503c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u654f\u611f\u7684 QTL<\/strong>\uff1b3\uff09RILs \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a \u9057\u4f20\u8d44\u6e90\u5e73\u53f0<\/strong>\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u6b64\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u4e0d\u65ad\u6dfb\u7816\u52a0\u74e6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \n

      Lee, M., Sharopova, N., Beavis, W.D. et al. Expanding the genetic map of maize with the intermated B73 \u00d7 Mo17 (IBM) population . Plant Mol Biol 48, 453\u2013461 (2002). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1014893521186
      Hallauer, A. R., W. A. Russell and K. R. Lamkey, 1988. Corn breeding, pp. 463\u2013564 in Corn and Corn Improvement, edited by G. F. Sprague and J. W. Dudley. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

      \u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n

      \u6750\u6599<\/h4>\n

      NAM\uff08Nested Association Mapping\uff09\u7531 B73<\/strong> \u548c 25 \u4e2a\u682a\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff0825 diverse lines\uff0c25 DL\uff09\u6742\u4ea4\u5f97\u5230\u7684 5000<\/strong> \u4e2a\u91cd\u7ec4\u81ea\u4ea4\u7cfb\uff08RILs\uff09\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5176\u4e2d 25 \u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u682a\u7cfb\u5305\u62ec 13 \u4e2a\u70ed\u5e26\u54c1\u7cfb\u30019 \u4e2a\u6e29\u5e26\u54c1\u7cfb\u30012 \u4e2a\u751c\u7389\u7c73\u54c1\u7cfb\u30011 \u4e2a\u7206\u88c2\u7389\u7c73\u54c1\u7cfb\uff08pop corn\uff09\uff0c\u9009\u81ea 302<\/strong> \u4e2a\u4ece\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u81ea\u4ea4\u7cfb\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u4e0e B73 \u6742\u4ea4\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 25 \u4e2a \u5bb6\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff08family\uff09\uff0c F 1 \u2212 F 5 F_1-F_5 <\/span><\/span>F<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2212<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>F<\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4f7f\u7528 \u5355\u7c92\u4f20\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff08single seed descent\uff0cSSD\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u53c2\u89c1 \u9644\u5f55\uff09\u81ea\u4ea4\uff0c\u5728 F 5 F_5 <\/span><\/span>F<\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4ee3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb6\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6536\u83b7 200<\/strong> \u4e2a\u79cd\u5b50\uff08 S 5 S_5 <\/span><\/span>S<\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u6536\u83b7 5000<\/strong> \u4e2a\u79cd\u5b50\uff08\u4e0b\u56fe\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5728\u6d4b\u5b9a SNP \u540e\uff0c66 \u4e2a RILs \u56e0\u5176 F 1 F_1 <\/span><\/span>F<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e2d\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u4e0e\u9884\u671f\u4e0d\u7b26\u800c\u79fb\u9664\uff0c63 \u4e2a RILs \u56e0\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u975e\u4eb2\u672c\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u800c\u79fb\u9664\uff0c82 \u4e2a RILs \u56e0\u6742\u5408\u7387\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff08>8%\uff09\u800c\u79fb\u9664\uff0c90 \u4e2a RILs \u56e0 SNP \u68c0\u6d4b\u4e2d\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4f4e\u800c\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u7559\u4e0b 4699<\/strong> \u4e2a RIL \u6765\u7ed8\u5236 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u56fe\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      PS\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a Mo17 \u4e0e B73 \u6742\u4ea4\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53 IBM \u5df2\u7ecf\u5341\u5206\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 25 \u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709 Mo17\u3002<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb
      \"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      SNP<\/h4>\n

      \u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1 B73 \u4e0e 25 DL \u95f4\u9057\u4f20\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5728 B73 \u4e2d\u4e3a \u6b21\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u578b<\/strong> \u7684 SNP\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u6709\u7389\u7c73\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08Maize Diversity Project database\uff09\u4e2d\u7684 cDNA<\/strong> \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u9009\u62e9\u4e86 1536<\/strong> \u4e2a SNP\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 974 \u4e2a\u9009\u81ea \u968f\u673a\u57fa\u56e0<\/strong>\uff0c329 \u4e2a\u9009\u81ea\u4e0e\u519c\u827a\u6027\u72b6\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u7684 \u5019\u9009\u57fa\u56e0<\/strong>\uff0c233 \u4e2a\u7531\u675c\u90a6\u5148\u950b\u516c\u53f8\uff08Pioneer Hi-bred International\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\uff0c325 \u4e2a SNP \u88ab\u6dd8\u6c70\uff0c1211<\/strong> \u4e2a SNP \u7528\u4e8e\u7ed8\u5236 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u56fe\u8c31\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cSNP \u6765\u6e90\u662f cDNA\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53 1211 \u4e2a SNP \u6807\u8bb0\u6807\u5b9a\u4e86 1211 \u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u5b50\u4ee3\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684 SNP \u57fa\u56e0\u5206\u578b\u662f\u5341\u5206\u6602\u8d35\u7684\uff0c\u4f46 NAM \u7531\u4e8e\u4eb2\u672c\u682a\u7cfb\u7684 \u7eaf\u5408\u80cc\u666f<\/strong> \u4e0e\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d \u6709\u9650\u7684\u91cd\u7ec4<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f7f RIL \u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7247\u6bb5\u90fd \u53ef\u6eaf\u6e90<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c RIL \u4e2d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4e24\u4e2a SNP \u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u90fd\u4e0e B73 \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u65ad\u6b64\u7247\u6bb5\u9057\u4f20\u81ea B73\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e24\u4e2a SNP \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684 SNP \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6839\u636e B73 \u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u90bb\u7684 CPS \u6807\u8bb0\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eb2\u672c\uff0c\u5219\u6839\u636e\u5176\u9057\u4f20\u8ddd\u79bb\u5728\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u5185\u6a21\u62df\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u5206\u914d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5148\u6d4b\u5b9a\u4e86\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u4eb2\u672c SNP \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d \u6620\u5c04<\/strong> \u5230\u5b50\u4ee3\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5b50\u4ee3\u57fa\u56e0\u5206\u578b\u7684\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684 RILs\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u4e0e\u6316\u6398\u4f4e\u6548\u5e94 QTL \u7684\u6548\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e0b\u56fe\u6458\u81ea Genetic Design and Statistical Power of Nested Association Mapping in Maize\uff0c\u6b64\u6587\u4e2d\u9009\u7528\u4e86 1331 \u4e2a SNP\u3002\u56fe a \u663e\u793a\u6d4b\u5b9a\u4eb2\u672c\u548c\u5b50\u4ee3 678 \u4e2a SNP\uff0c\u4f30\u7b97 RIL \u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5404\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff1b\u56fe b \u663e\u793a\u6d4b\u5b9a\u4e86\u4eb2\u672c\u5168\u90e8 1331 \u4e2a SNP \u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe a \u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u9884\u6d4b RIL \u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u6709 SNP \u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \u6a21\u62df<\/h4>\n

      \u56e0\u4e3a NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u7167\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u901a\u8fc7 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df<\/strong> \u6765\u8bc4\u4f30 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u6316\u6398 QTL \u7684\u6548\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c \u6620\u5c04 SNP \u5bc6\u5ea6<\/strong> \u4e0b RIL \u4e2d\u9884\u6d4b\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9884\u6d4b\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u4eb2\u672c\u548c\u5b50\u4ee3\u4e2d \u6620\u5c04 SNP \u5bc6\u5ea6 > 2.5 cM<\/strong> \u65f6\uff0c\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7565\u5fae\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86 678 \u4e2a\u6620\u5c04 SNP\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5e73\u5747\u5bc6\u5ea6 2.5 cM \u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c QTL \u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\uff0820 \/ 50\uff09\u3001\u9057\u4f20\u529b<\/strong>\uff080.4 \/ 0.7\uff09\u3001SNP \u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\uff08678 \/ 1331\uff09\u3001RIL \u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\uff08625 \/ 1250 \/ 2500 \/ 5000\uff09 \u3001\u663e\u8457\u6027\u9608\u503c<\/strong>\uff08 1 0 \u2212 5 10^{-5} <\/span><\/span>1<\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\u2212<\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \/ 1 0 \u2212 7 10^{-7} <\/span><\/span>1<\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\u2212<\/span>7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \/ 1 0 \u2212 9 10^{-9} <\/span><\/span>1<\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\u2212<\/span>9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u3001QTL \u52a0\u6027\u6548\u5e94<\/strong> \u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d4b\u5b9a\u6316\u6398 QTL \u7684\u6548\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u8868\u578b\u503c y = b 0 + \u2211 b i x i + e y=b_0+\\sum b_ix_i+e <\/span><\/span>y<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>b<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>+<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2211<\/span><\/span>b<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>x<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>+<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>e<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d b i b_i <\/span><\/span>b<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u8868\u793a\u7b2c i i <\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684\u52a0\u6027\u6548\u5e94\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c x i x_i <\/span><\/span>x<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u8868\u793a\u7b2c i i <\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u90e8\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u62df\u7ed3\u679c\u53c2\u89c1\u539f\u6587\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d CPS markers only for RILs \u8868\u793a\u4ec5\u6d4b\u91cf RILs \u7684 678 \u4e2a\u6620\u5c04 SNP \u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff0c\u5269\u4f59 SNP \u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6620\u5c04\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6316\u6398 QTL \u6548\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      NAM \u9057\u4f20\u56fe\u8c31<\/h4>\n

      \u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u5728 NAM \u7684\u590d\u5408\u56fe\u8c31\uff08composite map\uff09\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86 1106<\/strong> \u4e2a SNP\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6807\u8bb0\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a 1.3 cM<\/strong>\uff08centimorgans\uff0c\u5398\u6469\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb6\u7cfb\u5185\u5177\u6709\u591a\u6001\u6027\u7684 SNP \u4f4d\u70b9\uff08polymorphic SNP\uff09\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a 63% - 74%<\/strong>\u3002\u5728 RIL \u4e2d\uff0c48.7% \u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u9057\u4f20\u81ea B73\uff0c47.6% \u9057\u4f20\u81ea 25 DL\uff0c3.6% \u662f\u6742\u5408\u5b50\u3002NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u6355\u83b7\u4e86\u7ea6 13.6w \u4e2a\u4ea4\u53c9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u540c\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u5185 SNP \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684 LD \u6781\u4f4e\uff0c\u5e73\u5747 r 2 = 0.04 r^2=0.04 <\/span><\/span>r<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>0<\/span>.<\/span>0<\/span>4<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \u91cd\u7ec4\u7387\u7814\u7a76<\/h3>\n

      Science \u6587\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005\u5728 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u8d44\u6e90\u8c31\u56fe\u7ed8\u5236\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u5bf9\u91cd\u7ec4\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u504f\u79bb\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u91cd\u7ec4\u7387\u5728 25 \u4e2a\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728 \u8f83\u5927\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong>\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\u8d85\u8fc7 30 \u500d\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfb\u627e\u63a7\u5236\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u91cd\u7ec4\u7387\u7684 QTL\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5168\u90e8 25 \u4e2a\u5bb6\u65cf\u91cd\u7ec4\u7387\u90fd\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684 QTL\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u91cd\u7ec4\u7387\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684 QTL \uff0c\u53ea\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u5bb6\u65cf\u7279\u5b9a\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u91cd\u7ec4\u7387\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684 QTL\uff0c\u5373 QTL \u7684\u6548\u5e94\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u91cd\u7ec4\u70ed\u70b9\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5f53\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u5305\u542b\u6b64\u5e8f\u5217\u65f6\uff0c\u533a\u95f4\u91cd\u7ec4\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u5b50\u4ee3\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u5b58\u5728 \u504f\u5411\u6027<\/strong>\uff08\u4e0b\u56fe\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u8868\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5982\u751c\u7389\u7c73\u54c1\u7cfb IL14H \u548c P39 \u5728 4 \u53f7\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684 sugary1 (su1) \u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u751c\u7389\u7c73\u8868\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u53d1\u82bd\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u6545 B73 \u9057\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u5360\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff1b\u5982 Hp301 \u54c1\u7cfb\u4e2d Ga1-S \u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u4f1a\u62d2\u7edd ga1 \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u7684\u82b1\u7c89\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b50\u4ee3 Ga1-S \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0cga1 \u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u65ad\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. \u7740\u4e1d\u7c92<\/strong> \u9644\u8fd1\u6807\u8bb0 \u6742\u5408\u6027<\/strong>\uff084.1%\uff09\u663e\u8457\uff08P < 0.0004\uff09\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6574\u4f53\uff083.2%\uff09\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5e0c\u5c14-\u7f57\u4f2f\u68ee\uff08Hill-Robertson\uff09\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u540c\u6e90\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u6709\u5229\u57fa\u56e0\u4e92\u65a5\uff0c\u6709\u9650\u7684\u91cd\u7ec4\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u6709\u5229\u57fa\u56e0\u6574\u5408\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6742\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7740\u4e1d\u7c92\u9644\u8fd1\u6742\u5408\u7387\u9ad8\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u91cd\u7ec4\u7387\u4f4e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6709\u9650\u4ee3\u6570\u5185\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u7ec4\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eb2\u672c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5408\u5230\u4e00\u6761\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u6742\u5408\u5b50\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6bcf\u6761\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4e0a\u5305\u542b\u5404\u4eb2\u672c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u636e\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f \u6742\u79cd\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong> \u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        <\/p>\n

        \"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u56fe\u4e2d\u7ea2\u8272\u8868\u793a\u70ed\u5e26\u682a\u7cfb\uff0c\u7070\u8272\u6c34\u5e73\u7ebf\u8868\u793a 1 \u5230 10 \u53f7\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u8fb9\u754c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

        \u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u7814\u7a76<\/h3>\n
        \n

        DS\uff0cdays to silking\uff0cfemale flowering\uff0c\u53d1\u80b2\u81f3\u96cc\u854a\u5f00\u82b1\uff08\u5410\u4e1d\uff09\u6240\u9700\u5929\u6570
        DA\uff0cdays to anthesis\uff0cmale flowering\uff0c\u53d1\u80b2\u81f3\u96c4\u854a\u5f00\u82b1\uff08\u5f00\u82b1\uff09\u6240\u9700\u5929\u6570
        ASI\uff0canthesis-silking interval\uff0c\u5f00\u82b1\u4e0e\u5410\u4e1d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u5929\u6570<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

        \u4f5c\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u578b\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7389\u7c73\u4e2d\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u578b QTL \u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u8bc1\u660e NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u6316\u6398 QTL \u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u578b QTL \u7279\u5f81<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. DS\u3001DA\u3001ASI \u8868\u578b \u9057\u4f20\u529b\u9ad8<\/strong>\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a 0.94\u30010.94\u30010.78\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u627e\u5230\u4e86 36\u300139\u300129 \u4e2a\u5206\u522b\u4e0e DA\u3001DS\u3001ASI \u6709\u5173\u7684 QTL\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86 89%\u300189%\u300164% \u7684\u53d8\u5f02\u3002\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6027\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u8868\u578b\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u6bd4\u8f83\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8868\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n
        2. \u6bcf\u4e2a QTL \u6548\u5e94\u8f83\u5c0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0b\u56fe A \u662f\u6309\u7167 QTL \u6548\u5e94\u5927\u5c0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u8868\u793a 39 \u4e2a DA \u7684 QTL \u5728 25 \u4e2a\u5bb6\u7cfb\u5185\u7684\u6548\u5e94\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u4ee5 B73 DA=39 \u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\uff09\uff0c\u603b\u8ba1 975\uff0825 \u00d7 39\uff09\u4e2a\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709 7\uff082.1%<\/strong>\uff09\u4e2a\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u6548\u5e94 >1<\/strong> day\u3002\u4f46\u62df\u5357\u82a5\u3001\u6c34\u7a3b\u3001\u5927\u9ea6\u3001\u9ad8\u7cb1\u7b49\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\u4e0e\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684 QTL \u6548\u5e94\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u56fe B \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u5bb6\u7cfb\u95f4 DS \u8868\u578b\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u5c0f\u6548\u5e94 QTL \u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5c11\u6570\u5927\u6548\u5e94 QTL \u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u67f1\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u591a\u4e2a QTL \u6548\u5e94\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u503c\uff0c\u67f1\u4e0a\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a QTL \u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5982 P39 \u4e2d\u5ef6\u957f DS \u7684 QTL \u603b\u8ba1\u6709 6 \u4e2a\uff0c\u7d2f\u79ef\u6548\u5e94\u7ea6\u4e3a 3 days\uff0c\u7f29\u77ed DS \u7684 QTL \u603b\u8ba1 12 \u4e2a\uff0c\u7d2f\u79ef\u6548\u5e94\u7ea6\u4e3a -6 days \u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          <\/p>\n

          \"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a QTL \u7684\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u4e0e\u7eac\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u5e76\u975e\u7531\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a QTL \u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bb8\u591a QTL \u7684 \u65e0\u89c4\u5f8b<\/strong> \u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9e\u73b0 QTL \u7684\u7d2f\u52a0\u6548\u5e94\u9002\u5e94\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/li>\n
          2. \u7389\u7c73 \u7a00\u6709 QTL \u8f83\u591a<\/strong>\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0e\u8868\u578b\u53d8\u5f02\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\u4ec5\u80fd\u5728 1 \u4e2a\u5bb6\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\uff0c \u5269\u4f59\u5bb6\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5747\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u6b64\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u3002NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u7a00\u6709 QTL \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff1a1\uff09NAM \u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\uff1b2\uff09NAM \u652f\u6301 \u5206\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u9664\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8f83\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u7a00\u6709 QTL \u7684\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5982 Q \u4f4d\u70b9\u7684 Q 1 Q_1 <\/span><\/span>Q<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u4ec5\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e P39 \u5bb6\u7cfb\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 200\uff0c\u540c\u65f6 Q 2 Q_2 <\/span><\/span>Q<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u8868\u578b\u4e0d\u7528\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5bb6\u7cfb\u505a \u5e73\u5747<\/strong> \u800c\u5f15\u5165 \u65e0\u5173\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u7389\u7c73\u5f00\u82b1\u8868\u578b\u53d7\u5171\u6709 QTL \u548c\u7a00\u6709 QTL \u5171\u540c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            <\/p>\n

            NAM \u6316\u6398 QTL \u6548\u529b\u8bc4\u4f30<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u4f5c\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5df2\u77e5\u4e0e\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173 QTL\uff0cvgt1<\/em>\uff08vegetative to generative transition 1\uff09\u3002vgt1<\/em> \u4f4d\u4e8e rap2.7<\/em> \u57fa\u56e0\uff08\u5f00\u82b1\u76f8\u5173\uff09\u4e0a\u6e38 70kb \u5904\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53 vgt1<\/em> \u5305\u542b MITE \u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u63d0\u524d\u3002\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4f5c\u8005\u9996\u9009\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86 vgt1<\/em> QTL \u5728 NAM \u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u4f9d\u7136\u5bf9\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff08DA\uff1a P = 4 \u00d7 1 0 \u2013 44 P=4\u00d710^{\u201344} <\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>4<\/span><\/span>\u00d7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1<\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\u2013<\/span>4<\/span>4<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0cDS\uff1a P = 7 \u00d7 1 0 \u2013 40 P=7\u00d710^{\u201340} <\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>7<\/span><\/span>\u00d7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1<\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\u2013<\/span>4<\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u3002\u7136\u540e\u514b\u9686\u4e86\u6b64\u533a\u95f4\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5f53 vgt1<\/em> \u5305\u542b MITE \u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff08\u4e0b\u56fe\u84dd\u8272\u7cfb\uff09\uff0c\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u63d0\u524d\uff0c\u4e0e\u524d\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca non-MITE \u533a\u4e3a\u4f55\u4f1a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u514b\u9686\u4e86 rap2.7<\/em> \u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff0c\u5f53\u54c1\u7cfb\u5305\u542b\u7a81\u53d8\u578b\u65f6\uff08\u4e0b\u56fe\u7ea2\u8272\u7cfb\uff09\uff0c\u5f00\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n

            <\/p>\n

            \"\u7389\u7c73\u7fa4\u4f53\u6784\u5efa_q1088\u7389\u7c73\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n

            \u80b2\u79cd\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u5f00\u82b1\u671f QTL \u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u5f81\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u91cf\u6027\u72b6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0cQTL \u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u591a<\/strong>\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u5168\u90e8\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7cbe\u529b\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
            2. \u5b9e\u9a8c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u72b6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5fc5\u7136\u4f34\u968f\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u591a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u6548\u5e94 \u96be\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u6d4b\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
            3. \u5c0f\u6548\u5e94 QTL \u53ef\u80fd \u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528<\/strong> \u5230\u4f18\u826f\u7389\u7c73\u54c1\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u826f\u597d\u517c\u5bb9\u5e76\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u9884\u671f\u7684\u8868\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7cbe\u529b\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u3002\u5982 5 \u53f7\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4e0a\u57fa\u56e0 X \u5bf9\u8868\u578b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e3a 1 %\uff0c\u5e8f\u5217\u5206\u6790\u9884\u6d4b\u5176\u86cb\u767d\u5305\u542b\u5185\u8d28\u7f51\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7ed3\u6784\u57df\uff0c\u540c\u6e90\u57fa\u56e0\u8bc1\u660e\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u79cd\u4e2d\u88ab\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u5185\u8d28\u7f51\u6a21\u4e0a\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u660e\u57fa\u56e0 X \u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u5185\u8d28\u7f51\u7684\u541e\u5410\u6548\u7387\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e86\u690d\u7269\u7684\u682a\u9ad8\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u57fa\u56e0 X \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u6548\u529b\u90fd\u7814\u7a76\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4ef7\u503c\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae\uff081%\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u7fa4\u4f53\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u5df2\u6709\u54c1\u7cfb\u540e\u7684\u6548\u529b\u96be\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6beb\u65e0\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982 Tian J \u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53f6\u5939\u89d2\u57fa\u56e0\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u4f18\u826f\u54c1\u7cfb\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u80b2\u79cd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u6548\u5e94 QTL \u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u529f\u80fd\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u5c0f\u6548\u5e94 QTL \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u6709\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u8868\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u77e5\u8868\u578b\u662f\u80b2\u79cd\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

              <\/p>\n

              \n

              Tian J, Wang C, Xia J, et al. Teosinte ligule allele narrows plant architecture and enhances high-density maize yields. Science. 2019;365(6454):658-664. doi:10.1126\/science.aax5482<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

              \u9644\u5f55<\/h3>\n

              \u5355\u7c92\u4f20\u6cd5\uff08single seed descent\uff0cSSD\uff09<\/h5>\n

              \u6bcf\u682a\u53ea\u53d6\u4e00\u4e24\u7c92\u79cd\u5b50\u6df7\u5408\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5148\u52a0\u901f\u7eaf\u5408\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2a\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6742\u79cd\u540e\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

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