ubuntu旧版本软件源_ubuntu哪个源比较好
1.国内可用的更新源地址：
（1）中科大地址 ：http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases
（2）163 ：http://mirrors.163.com
（3）其它资源
2.sources.list配置方法
（1）打开sources.list
$sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
（2）填写更新源的地址，格式如下：
deb 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号 main restricted universe multiverse
deb 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号 main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src 源地址/ubuntu/ 版本代号-backports main restricted universe multiverse
注意：版本代号的首字母大小写要根据源地址子文件名对应（国内通常为小写）！
（3）举例
举例1：中科大ubuntu8.10（intrepid）更新源的内容格式
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse举例2：中科大ubuntu14.10（utopic）更新源的内容格式
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ utopic-backports main restricted universe multiverse举例3：中科大ubuntu18.4（）更新源的链接：
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse中科大支持的老版本ubuntu源（ubuntu-old-releases）有：
breezy/
dapper/
edgy/
feisty/
gutsy/
hardy/
hoary/
intrepid/
jaunty/
karmic/
lucid/
maverick/
natty/
oneiric/
quantal/
raring/
saucy/
utopic/
warty/
如果是长期更新源（带有LTS后缀）其格式如下：
举例3：中科大ubuntu12.04（precise）更新源的内容格式
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports restricted universe multiverse deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse举例4：163的ubuntu15.10（wily）更新源的内容格式
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse
3. ubuntu版本号与版本代号对应关系
Ubuntu 的开发代号有三个特点
- 都是动物
- 都是两个词，并且两个词的首字母相同
- 从6.06开始，首字母从D开始递增
Q：如何查看Ubuntu当前版本：
root@ubuntu:/home/hello# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS
Release: 12.04
Codename: precise
Ubuntu 历史版本一览表
| 版本号 | 代号 | 发布时间 |
|---|---|---|
| 16.04 LTS | Xenial Xerus 好客的非洲地松鼠 |
即将发布 2016/4 |
| 15.10 | Wily Werewolf 狡诈的狼人 |
2015/10/22 |
| 15.04 | Vivid Vervet 活泼的小猴 |
2015/04/23 |
| 14.10 | Utopic Unicorn 乌托邦独角兽 |
2014/10/23 |
| 14.04 LTS | Trusty Tahr 值得信赖的塔尔羊 |
2014/04/18 |
| 13.10 | Saucy Salamander 活泼的蝾螈 |
2013/10/17 |
| 13.04 | Raring Ringtail 铆劲浣熊 |
2013/04/25 |
| 12.10 | Quantal Quetzal 缤纷的绿咬鹃 |
2012/10/18 |
| 12.04 LTS | Precise Pangolin 精准的穿山甲 |
2012/04/26 |
| 11.10 | Oneiric Ocelot 有梦的虎猫 |
2011/10/13 |
11.04 Unity成为默认桌面环境 |
Natty Narwhal 敏捷的独角鲸 |
2011/04/28 |
| 10.10 | Maverick Meerkat 标新立异的的狐獴 |
2010/10/10 |
| 10.04 LTS | Lucid Lynx 清醒的猞猁 |
2010/04/29 |
| 9.10 | Karmic Koala 幸运的无尾熊 |
2009/10/29 |
| 9.04 | Jaunty Jackalope 活泼的兔子 |
2009/04/23 |
| 8.10 | Intrepid Ibex 无畏的高地山羊 |
2008/10/30 |
8.06 官方查不到此版本发布信息 |
Haughty Husky 骄傲的哈士奇 |
2008/06/07 |
| 8.04 LTS | Hardy Heron 坚强的苍鹭 |
2008/04/24 |
| 7.10 | Gutsy Gibbon 勇敢的长臂猿 |
2007/10/18 |
| 7.04 | Feisty Fawn 烦躁不安的小鹿 |
2007/04/19 |
| 6.10 | Edgy Eft 尖利的小蜥蜴 |
2006/10/26 |
| 6.06 LTS | Dapper Drake 整洁的公鸭 |
2006/06/01 |
| 5.10 | Breezy Badger 活泼的獾 |
2005/10/13 |
| 5.04 | Hoary Hedgehog 白发得刺猬 |
2005/04/08 |
4.10 初始发布版本 |
Warty Warthog 多疣的疣猪 |
2004/10/20 |
4. 更新源地址
$sudo apt-get update
以下命令请选择性使用！
$sudo apt-get upgrade
（使所有的系统软件更新至最新！）
5. 参考资料
（1）https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/334082996.html
（2）http://mirrors.163.com/.help/ubuntu.html
（3）http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_1510dfd4e0102wbnb.html
（4）https://my.oschina.net/cgjcgs/blog/
