两周备战软考中级-软件设计师-自用防丢

两周备战软考中级-软件设计师-自用防丢

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV19X4y1y7on/?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&vd_source=28dd51f156a00f1da4bdf1b63a35c3d9

考试注意点：

1. 位置是从0开始算
2. 第几个字描述是从1开始算
3. %代表求余运算符号。/代表除法运算符号

进制的转换

原码反码补码移码

浮点数运算

CPU结构 (运算器与控制器的组成)

Flynn分类法简介

CISC和RISC

流水线的基本概念

流水线周期及流水线执行时间计算

流水线吞吐率计算

流水线加速比计算

流水线效率

计算机层次化存储结构

Cache的基本概念

时间局部性与空间局部性

随机存储器与只读存储器

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磁盘工作原理

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计算机总线

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串联系统与并联系统可靠度计算

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模冗余系统与混合系统

校验码的概念

海明校验码

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操作系统概述

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进程状态转换图

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前趋图

进程的同步与互斥

PV操作

PV操作练习题1

PV操作与前趋图

死锁问题

银行家算法

分区存储组织

页式存储、段式存储、段页式存储

页面淘汰算法

页面淘汰算法练习题

索引文件结构

树型目录结构

位示图法

数据传输控制方式

虚设备与Spooling技术

微内核操作系统

数据库系统

数据库设计过程说明

ER模型

关系代数

规范化理论_函数依赖

规范化理论的价值与用途

规范化理论 求候选关键字

规范化理论_范式

规范化理论_范式练习题

规范化理论 模式分解

数据库并发控制

数据库完整性约束

数据库安全

数据库备份与恢复

数据仓库与数据挖掘

反规范化技术

大数据基本概念

七层模型

网络技术标准与协议

网络类型与拓扑结构

网络规划与设计

IP地址与子网划分

特殊含义IP地址

HTML

无线网

网络接入技术

IPV6

信息系统安全属性

对称加密与非对称加密

信息摘要

数字签名

数字证书与PGP

设计邮件加密系统

各个网络层次的安全保障

网络威胁与攻击

防火墙技术

数据结构与算法基础

数组

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a+(i*n+j)len=a+(25+3)*2=a+26

稀疏矩阵

数据结构的定义

顺序表与链表

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链接详解：两周备战软考中级-软件设计师-自用防丢
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顺序存储与链式存储

队列与栈-重点

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广义表

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树与二叉树的基本概念

1. 树的度取最大的，结点的度，也就是2
2. 叶子结点就是4，5，7，8
3. 分支结点就是2，3，6
4. 内部结点就是排除叶子结点，分支结点，根结点

满二叉树与完全二叉树

二叉树遍历

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二叉树遍历详解：两周备战软考中级-软件设计师-自用防丢

反向构造二叉树

树转二叉树

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查找二叉树

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最优二叉树 (哈夫曼树)

线索二叉树

平衡二叉树

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图的概念及存储

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图的遍历

拓朴排序

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图的最小生成树(普里姆算法与克鲁斯卡尔算法)

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算法的特性

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算法的时间复杂度与空间复杂度

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顺序查找与二分查找

散列表

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排序-重点

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直接插入排序

希尔排序

直接选择排序

堆排序

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冒泡排序

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快速排序

归并排序

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基数排序

排序算法的时间复杂度和空间复杂度及稳定性

程序设计语言与语言处理程序基础前言

编译过程

文法的定义以及语法推导树

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有限自动机与正规式

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有限自动机例题

表达式

1. 后缀表达式：左→右→跟

函数调用(传值与传址)

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各种程序语言特点

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法律法规知识 (知识产权) 前言

法律法规知识 (保护期限)

法律法规知识 (知识产权人确定）

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法律法规知识 (侵权判定)

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标准化基础知识(标准的分类与标准的编号)

多媒体基础前言

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音频相关概念

图像相关概念

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媒体的种类

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多媒体的计算问题

1. 存储的时候用的是1024
2. 传输的时候用的是1000
3. 大写K=1024，小写k=1000

常见多媒体标准

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数据压缩技术基础

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有损压缩与无损压缩

瀑布模型

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原型模型、演化模型、增量模型

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螺旋模型

V模型与喷泉模型与RAD

构件组装模型 (CBSD)

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统一过程 (UP)

敏捷开发方法

信息系统开发方法

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需求的分类

结构化设计

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测试原则与类型

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测试用例设计

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测试阶段

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McCabe复杂度计算-重点

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系统运行与维护

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软件能力成熟度模型集成 (CMMI)

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项目管理基础知识

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面向对象基本概念

面向对象设计 (设计原则)

UML

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面向对象设计 (设计模式的概念)

面向对象设计 (设计模式的分类)

面向对象设计 (创建型模式)

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面向对象设计 (结构型模式)

面向对象设计 (行为型模式)

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数据流图前言

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数据流图基本概念

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数据流图的分层 (DFD)

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数据字典

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数据流图平衡原则

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数据流图试题解题技巧-重点

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数据流图案例分析1

本问题考查在绘制数据流图中加工绘制时的注意事项。绘制加工时可能出现的错误有:加工的输入、输出时可能出现只有输入而无输出、只有输出而无输入、输入的数据流无法通过加工产生输出流以及输入的数据流与输出的数据流名称相同等错误。

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数据流图案例分析2

1. p1=交易信息查询
2. p2=信用卡客户信息管理
3. p3=信用卡激活
4. p4=信用卡申请

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数据库设计前言

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数据库设计过程

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ER模型

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数据库设计答题技巧

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数据库设计案例分析1

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答案：

1. （1）n:1 (2)m:n (3)m:n
2. 员工和权限之间，通过岗位进行联系
3. （4）员工号、部门号 （5）客房号 （6）身份证号 （7）岗位 （8）身份证号、客房号
4. 优点:如果合为一个表,可以只查一次表就能得出岗位和操作权限信息,加快了查找速度。
   缺点：如果合为一个表,则岗位、操作权限将多次重复出现,会产生冗余数据和增加数据库存储量。

数据库设计案例分析2

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答案

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2、

1. (a)商城编号
2. (b)部门编号
3. （c）员工编号
4. 部门主键：部门编号 外键：商城编号
5. 员工主键：员工编号 外键：部门编号
6. 经理主键：员工编号 外键：员工编号

3、

题目已经说得很明白了,为了使商场有紧急事务时能联系到轮休的员工,要求每位员工必须且只能登记一位紧急联系人的姓名和联系电话,不同的员工可以登记相同的紧急联系人。所以需要添加的实体必定是紧急联系人,并且不同的员工可以对应同一个紧急联系人,所以紧急联系人和员工的关系是一对多,其关系模式中必然有姓名和联系电话,但是为了避免重名造成的麻烦还要有联系人的编号来作为主键。

UML建模前言

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UML图 (用例图)

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UML图 (类图)

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UML图 (顺序图)

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UML图 (活动图)

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UML图 (状态图)

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UML图 (通信图)

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UML案例分析1

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UML案例分析2

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答案

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3

状态模式
必须具有的属性：CLeval对象

数据结构及算法应用前言

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分治法

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分治法(递归技术)

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分治法 (二分查找)

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回溯法

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贪心法

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动态规划法

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数据结构及算法应用案例分析1

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答案：

1. j=0
2. b[j]=b[j]+s[i]
3. min=temp
4. b[m]=b[m]+s[i]
5. [外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-i15TGN5W-1684067034066)(https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2023/png/26312836/1684065736943-334d6f69-2703-4a4d-bd39-c021f6a9fa08.png#averageHue=%236e8760&clientId=u2edf970d-35f6-4&from=paste&height=722&id=u44301eec&originHeight=902&originWidth=1920&originalType=binary&ratio=1.25&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=648754&status=done&style=none&taskId=uf3caf041-d032-4f6b-9310-b822a3cc6e3&title=&width=1536)]

数据结构及算法应用案例分析2

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面向对象程序设计

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面向对象程序设计案例分析1

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面向对象程序设计案例分析2

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